Jarvis on Kubernetes
Plain manifests, no Helm, no operator. They are written to be read as much as applied: every value that is not a Kubernetes default is there because something in Jarvis behaves a particular way, and the comment beside it says which. Read them before you apply them — that is the point of shipping them this way.
You probably do not need this. Docker Compose runs one of everything, takes one command, and is what most instances run. Come here when you want Jarvis to keep serving while a node reboots, and when you already operate a cluster — this directory assumes you have opinions about ingress, storage and a database, because it deliberately does not have them for you.
What has been proven, and what has not. This stack has been brought up on a real cluster — four nodes, three Postgres instances, three Redis with three sentinels, two api pods — and kept serving while its Postgres primary and its Redis primary were killed underneath it. What has NOT happened is a long-running estate serving production traffic this way. If you are early, watch it rather than assume it, and read the three warnings below before you apply anything, because each of them fails silently.
What runs more than once, and what cannot
"Highly available" is not a property a deployment has as a whole, so here it is component by component.
| component | replicas | why |
|---|---|---|
jarvis-web |
any number | stateless nginx over static files |
jarvis-api |
any number | the coordination lives in Postgres and Redis, not in the process |
| Redis | one logical primary, three processes | Sentinel fails over; it does not spread writes |
| Postgres | one primary, replicas behind it | and Jarvis depends on there being exactly one |
jarvis-migrate |
one at a time | enforced by a Postgres advisory lock, not by you |
jarvis-mint-secrets |
once, ever | enforced by the API server |
The single-writer database is not a limitation Jarvis has failed to overcome — it is what makes the multi-pod api safe. A partial unique index is what stops two pods running the same assistant loop, and an index can only do that because one server decides. Do not point pods at read replicas.
What you need before you apply anything
- x86-64 nodes. The api and web images are published for
linux/amd64only, so an arm64 pool leaves the pods inImagePullBackOffwith no matching manifest. The machines you administer have no such limit — the agent ships arm64 builds. - A cluster you can schedule on.
kubectl describe node | grep Taintsfirst. A three-node cluster is often three control-plane nodes, and theirNoScheduletaint means nothing here schedules at all. These manifests carry no toleration on purpose: adding one is a decision about your cluster. - Postgres 16, highly available, outside these manifests. Use an operator — CloudNativePG or
Zalando's — rather than a hand-written StatefulSet. A database you hand-rolled is a database you
hand-restore.
max_connectionsmust cover(replicas + maxSurge + jobs) × connection_limit + reserve: with 3 api pods at 10 connections each, a migration Job at 5, and headroom, about 150. The stock Postgres image ships 100, and exhausting it presents as an api that starts and then cannot serve. - Redis.
08-redis-sentinel.yamldeploys one, or pointREDIS_URLat a managed Redis that fails over behind a single address and skip that file. Persistence is not required: everything Jarvis keeps in Redis is ephemeral by design, which is exactly why the run lock is in Postgres instead. - An Ingress controller and a TLS terminator. Jarvis speaks plain HTTP.
Order
kubectl apply -f 00-namespace.yaml
# The secrets, ONCE. Never regenerate them on an instance that has stored anything.
kubectl apply -f 01-secret.example.yaml # after editing — the half you write
kubectl apply -f 01-secret-job.yaml # the half that is random bytes (optional; see the file)
kubectl wait --for=condition=complete job/jarvis-mint-secrets -n jarvis --timeout=2m
kubectl apply -f 02-config.yaml
kubectl apply -f 08-redis-sentinel.yaml # only if you are running your own Redis
# The schema, to completion, before any api pod starts.
kubectl apply -f 03-migrate-job.yaml
kubectl wait --for=condition=complete job/jarvis-migrate -n jarvis --timeout=15m
kubectl apply -f 04-api.yaml
kubectl apply -f 05-web.yaml
kubectl apply -f 06-ingress.yaml
kubectl apply -f 06b-ingress-uploads.yaml # uploads alone get a ~13 MiB body ceiling
kubectl apply -f 07-disruption.yaml
Every image says REPLACE_ME: pin them by digest, not by tag. :stable is a moving name, so
replicas that restart at different times land on different builds and a rollback becomes "hope the
tag still points where it did".
docker buildx imagetools inspect git.luxit.be/luxit/jarvis-api:stable
On every upgrade the migration Job runs again before the Deployments roll. It is idempotent and
takes a Postgres advisory lock, so running it twice is slow rather than harmful — but it must
finish before new pods start, which is what the kubectl wait is for. With Helm or Argo this
becomes a pre-upgrade hook or a sync-wave; as plain YAML it is an ordering you keep yourself.
Then open the address and install it. Everything in the main README about the install screen applies unchanged — including that whoever reaches an uninstalled instance first owns it, with no deadline. Point a public hostname at this after you have installed, not before.
GitOps: Argo CD, Flux, or anything that reconciles
kustomization.yaml is the entry point. Point a controller at this directory and it renders every
manifest here except one — and argocd-application.example.yaml is a worked Application to copy.
kubectl apply -k . # the same thing, by hand
The exception is 01-secret.example.yaml, and it is left out on purpose. It is a template full
of placeholders. A controller applies what it is pointed at, continuously, without asking — so a
Secret full of REPLACE_ME inside the source of truth is a controller that overwrites your real
credentials with placeholders on its next reconcile and puts them back every time you fix them. The
api cannot reach its database, the vault key is wrong, and nothing about the sync looks unhealthy
while it happens. Write jarvis-secrets by hand, or through SealedSecrets, ExternalSecrets or
Vault, whose ciphertext is safe to commit. jarvis-generated is minted in-cluster and never exists
in git at all.
The order is in the manifests, not in the filenames
A controller reads this directory as a set; 00-, 01- and 02- mean nothing to it. The order
that the kubectl apply sequence above keeps by hand is carried by
argocd.argoproj.io/sync-wave annotations on the resources themselves, so that it lives beside the
thing being ordered:
| wave | what | why it cannot be later |
|---|---|---|
-3 |
Namespace | it carries the Pod Security labels that decide whether any of these pods are admitted |
-2 |
ConfigMaps, the minter's RBAC, Redis | everything below reads the config; the api's readiness probe reaches Redis |
-1 |
jarvis-mint-secrets (hook) |
the migration reads DATABASE_URL out of what it writes |
0 |
jarvis-migrate (hook) |
an api pod against an unmigrated schema is the failure all of this prevents |
1 |
api and web Deployments, Services | the web pod's /readyz proxies the api's health endpoint, so it cannot be ready before the api is |
2 |
Ingress, PodDisruptionBudgets | an Ingress applied early is a route to a 503 |
Argo does not begin a wave until the previous one reports healthy, which is what the kubectl wait
lines are doing by hand.
Why the two Jobs are hooks
Without this, the directory works exactly once. A Job's spec.template is immutable, so the
second release — the first one with a different image digest — is a patch the API server refuses
with field is immutable, and the sync fails there and stays failed. hook: Sync with
hook-delete-policy: BeforeHookCreation deletes the previous Job before creating the new one, which
is the supported way to say "run it again, with new contents".
The Sync phase rather than PreSync, deliberately: a PreSync hook runs before any ordinary resource is applied, which on a first sync is before the namespace, the ConfigMap and the Secret these Jobs read exist. In the Sync phase they are ordered by the same waves as everything else.
Two consequences worth knowing:
- The previous run's Job object, and its logs, are gone by the time the next one starts. Ship the logs if you need them after the fact.
- Every sync runs the migration. That is safe — the phase is idempotent and holds a Postgres
advisory lock — and it is why the example Application leaves
automatedsync OFF. A commit that applies a schema change with nobody watching turns the one thing this directory works hardest to make visible, a migration that REFUSES because it would drop a column, into a notification.
Pin the images in one place
kustomization.yaml carries an images: block, so the three digests are set once rather than in
three files. Three, not two: jarvis-agent-dist is an initContainer in 04-api.yaml and is easy to
miss, and missing it renders cleanly while the api pod never starts.
A version bump is then those lines and nothing else.
What most estates should actually do
Point the Application at your repository, not at this one, with this directory as a remote base:
# your-repo/jarvis/kustomization.yaml
resources:
- https://git.luxit.be/Luxit/jarvis-selfhost//kubernetes?ref=v1.2.3
images:
- name: git.luxit.be/luxit/jarvis-api
digest: sha256:...
patches:
- path: replicas.yaml # your node count, the host of BOTH Ingresses, your storage class
Then the digests you run are in a commit you control, upgrading is a diff you can review and revert,
and ?ref= pins the base to a tag rather than a branch that moves under you. Pin it.
There are two Ingresses on the one host, and the host patch must reach both: jarvis, and
jarvis-uploads in 06b-ingress-uploads.yaml, TLS block included. Uploads have an Ingress of their
own because annotations apply to every path of the object that carries them, and they are the one
path that needs bodies over 13 MiB. An overlay that rewrites only the first leaves uploads on the
/api/ rule, where small files still work and anything between 4 and 13 MB meets the controller's
own 413 — so it looks fine until somebody attaches a large PDF.
To check it once deployed, send an upload of more than 4 MB without signing in, on your own host:
head -c 5000000 /dev/zero > big.bin
curl -s -o /dev/null -w '%{http_code} %{content_type}\n' -F file=@big.bin \
https://jarvis.example.com/api/uploads/orgs/x/conversations/y/attachments
401 application/json is Jarvis turning away an anonymous request, so the body got through. A
413 with an HTML page is the controller, and means the host patch did not reach jarvis-uploads.
The three things most likely to bite
Never mint secrets per pod. On Compose a one-shot generates the vault key and the JWT secrets
into a volume every container shares, and its guarantee that it does so exactly once is that the
filesystem refuses a second create. As a per-pod initContainer on an emptyDir, each replica mints
its own — and the consequence is not a crash. Pod A seals a credential under a key pod B does not
have; pod B reports it as corrupt; both log a clean boot. By the time anybody opens a vault entry
there are three keys in circulation.
01-secret-job.yaml is that one-shot done correctly here: it creates the
Secret once and lets the API server's refusal to create it twice be the exclusion. Its identity can
create a Secret and cannot get one, so it cannot read back what it or anyone else wrote. Mint by
hand instead if you prefer — the one thing that is not an option is per-pod.
Either way, back the vault key up somewhere that is not this cluster's etcd. Deleting the Secret and re-running the Job mints a new key against data sealed with the old one, silently, with no way back.
TRUST_PROXY_HOPS is one hop here, not two. The Compose files say 2 because a request passes
your TLS terminator and then the web container's nginx. Here the Ingress routes /api/ straight at
the api Service, so there is exactly one proxy rewriting X-Forwarded-For. Left at 2, req.ip
becomes chosen by the caller: anyone can send X-Forwarded-For: 198.51.100.7 and have that
written into session records, audit rows and the key the anonymous WebAuthn budget counts on.
Do not add session affinity. It is the reflex the moment websockets are involved and it solves
nothing here: the hard case is co-locating an operator's browser with an agent's websocket, which
arrives from a different network at a different time and whose id is not even known at the browser's
handshake. No ingress annotation can express that. It is handled in the application, over Redis.
Both ends pin transports: ["websocket"], so there is no polling to make sticky in the first place.
On exactly three nodes
The common case, and where the arithmetic is tightest.
What lands where. Redis and the sentinels both use required anti-affinity, so three of each
means one per node — six pods, two per node, no choice left to the scheduler. Postgres at three
instances is the same. That is what you want, and it has a consequence: during a node drain, one
Redis pod and one sentinel have nowhere to go and stay Pending until the node returns. That is
correct — a quorum of two still holds — but kubectl drain will sit there unless the
PodDisruptionBudgets are applied to tell it what is safe.
Three api replicas, not two. 04-api.yaml ships two because that is the smallest
number that proves the code is not single-instance. On three nodes, three is strictly better: one
per node, and losing any node leaves two. Change replicas: 2 to 3 in it and in
05-web.yaml, and size max_connections for it.
Three nodes tolerates losing one. Not two. That is a property of majority quorums, and the answer to wanting more is a fourth and fifth node, not a different configuration.
What a failover actually costs
Measured, not estimated.
Redis, with its primary killed under a running api:
- The api rides it out without restarting. Readiness answered 503 for about fifteen seconds and then 200 again, on the same process — the pod leaves the Service's endpoints while it cannot reach Redis, and returns when it can. Liveness never touches Redis, which is why the pod is not killed and restarted into a cold start.
- Commands survive. 99 writes issued across the window, 0 rejected, the last readable from the promoted primary afterwards. Commands queue rather than fail, so a failover is a pause.
- Published messages do not. Around 45% of the messages published during the window reached nobody. Redis pub/sub has no buffer and no redelivery, and nothing on the client side can change that. In practice: a few seconds in which something happening on one api replica may not reach another. Nothing is corrupted by it — what must survive is in Postgres for exactly this reason.
Postgres, primary deleted with --force --grace-period=0:
- Three seconds. Both api pods answered
503 {"database":"unreachable"}and were back to 200 on the fourth poll. Both degraded together, which is what pointing every pod at one endpoint means. - Zero container restarts, across two failovers, on pods up throughout — liveness deliberately not touching the database is what keeps three seconds from becoming a cold start of everything.
A failover during the migration Job aborts it with a lost-connection error, which is the correct outcome. Run it again.
What is still worth knowing
AGENT_RELEASE_DIRis per-pod, and must be. It holds the compiled agent binaries. AnemptyDirfilled by an initContainer is right; a shared RWO volume is not — either every pod is pinned to one node, or the second sits inMulti-Attach error. Leaving it unset is supported: everything works except the agent installer, which answers 503 saying no build is published.- No application volume, and it should stay that way. Avatars, documents, terminal recordings and attached files are all in Postgres; exports are rendered in memory.
- The Ingresses are written for ingress-nginx. Under another controller their
nginx.ingress…annotations do nothing, so set that controller's own equivalents: an hour's read timeout on the two websocket paths, a 4 MB body ceiling on/api/, and 13,376 KiB on/api/uploads/. - Autoscale
jarvis-web, notjarvis-api. Every api scale-in kills a pod holding agent websockets, live runs and open shells, and CPU is a poor proxy for a load made of long-lived connections. Raise api replicas deliberately. - A rollout still cuts what is in flight. An assistant run is interrupted and resumed with a note; a terminal is not resumable and says so; and the web bundle's content-hashed chunks are per-image, so a browser holding the old shell can 404 on a lazy import during the rollout window.
- Validation is not admission. These manifests satisfy the
restrictedPod Security Standard that00-namespace.yamlenforces. If you edit them, note that a schema validator cannot see that policy: a missingseccompProfileor a container without asecurityContextdoes not fail validation, it produces a Deployment reportingFailedCreateand sitting at zero replicas.
Backups
Everything in the main README applies, with one
substitution: the vault key is not in a Docker volume, it is in a Secret — jarvis-secrets if you
set VAULT_MASTER_KEY there yourself, jarvis-generated otherwise. The kustomization mints
jarvis-generated either way, so on the manual path it holds a key nothing uses: back up the one
the api reads.
kubectl -n jarvis get secret jarvis-generated -o jsonpath='{.data.VAULT_MASTER_KEY}' | base64 -d
kubectl -n jarvis get secret jarvis-generated -o jsonpath='{.data.VAULT_KEY_CREATED_AT}' | base64 -d
Back that up somewhere that is not this cluster, and not alongside your database dump. A database backup that travelled with its own key is a backup that decrypts itself.
The second line is when the key was created, bound to that key by its fingerprint — on a Secret
minted from api 0.114.1 on. An older one carries a bare date, which the api ignores here, so a
restored copy of it changes nothing and the claim asks for the key. If you ever restore the key by
hand into jarvis-secrets, restore that value beside it word for word, or leave it out — never
compute a new one. It is what tells the install screen whether an empty database is a
first install or a lost one, and an old key dated today makes the first administrator free to
whoever reaches the address before your dump is loaded.